Les perles en verre de Murano

Venise est connue pour ses créations en verre soufflé, mais ce n'est pas le seul endroit d'Italie sachant travailler le verre! En effet, sur l'île de Murano la fabrication de perles de verre existe depuis plus de 700 ans!

Cette industrie est en plein essor depuis le 15e siècle. Les perles fabriquées sont très variées. Il a les grosses perles travaillées à l'aide d'une broche afin d'avoir un trou d'enfilage (les pasternostri mais aussi de plus petites perles obtenues à partir d'une canne perforée. C'est à cette époque qu'il semble que fut inventée la perle rosetta.

Au 16e siècle, un nouveau type de perle prend de l'ampleur: travaillée au chalumeau puis façonnée à l'aide d'une pince la perle 'a lucerna' ou 'a lume' peut offrir de nombreux décors. Dés le 17e siècle ce type de perles sont fabriquées en Bohème et en Moravie en plus des productions de l'île et sont exportées à travers l'europe et la russie.

Au 18e siècle, Venise perd sa suprématie dans l'industrie des perles de verre, mais grâce à des techniques anciennes comme le millefiori elle reprend son essor au 19e siècle.

Aujourd'hui encore l'île de Murano produit des perles.

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